Fear of Fear Essays -- essays research papers

Clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral discourse (CBT) for panic rowdyism but the mechanism responsible for the improvement are lacking. The reduction of attention of fear (FOF), or the tendency to respond fearfully to benign material sensations, is believed to underlie the improvement resulting from CBT. Research has provided evidence consistent with the FOF hypothesis. Descriptive studies systematically show that panic disorder patients score significantly higher on self-report measures tapping fear of bodily sensations. Those who score high on measures tapping FOF display heightened wound up responding to challenge compared with those who score low on these same FOF measures (M. Brown, Smits, Powers, & Telch, 2003 Eke & McNally, 1996 Holloway & McNally, 1987 McNally & Eke, 1996 Rapee & Medoro, 1994 Telch et al., 2003). Findings from several prospective studies suggest that people score big on the Anxiety Sensititivity mogul (ASI) are at grea ter risk for developing occurring panic attacks (Schmidt, Lerew, & Jackson, 1997p Shmidt, Lerew, & Joiner, 1998).Specific procedural components contained in contemporary CBT manuals for panic disorder allow in education about the nature and physiology of panic and anxiety, breathing retraining designed to assist patients in learning to control hyperventilation, cognitive restructuring aimed at teach patients to identify and correct faulty threat perceptions that contribute to their panic and anxiety, interoceptive exposure aimed at reducing patents fear of harmless bodily sensations associated with physiologic activation, and fading of maladaptive defensive behaviors such as avoidance of out-of-door situations (Barlow, Craske, Cerny, & Klosko, 1989 Clark et al., 1994 Telch et al., 199).On the basis of contemporary psychological theories of panic disorder, several findings affect change in FOF as a mediator of interposition outcome. CBT results in significant reductions on measu res broadly tapping FOF (Bouchard et al., 1996 Clark et al., 1997, Poulton & Andrews, 1996). Modifying patients catastrophic misinterpretations of bodily sensations result in significant reductions in panic (Taylor, 2000). A clinical trial study cognitive therapy with guided master... ... to 5 being extremely frightened Likert-type scale. The sum score is computed by averaging the responses to the 17 items. The hypothesis that the centers of CBT would be negociate by changes in FOF was tried and true in accordance with the analytic go outlined by Baron and Kenny (1986). Step 1 is testing the effects of treatment on the proposed mediator by performing an ANOVA with treatment group (CBT vs. waitlist) as the grouping factor and FOF score as the leechlike variable. Step 2 is testing for the presence of a treatment effect by performing the grouping factor and residualized change scores of the quaternity major clinical posture measures as the dependent variables. Step 3 is the relationship between the proposed mediator and the four major clinical spot measures was examined. This quality was tested by performing a series of analyses of covariance with treatment group (CBT vs. waitlist) as the grouping factor, residualized change scores of clinical status measures as the dependent variables, and the FOF score as the covariate. The final step is tested by comparing the effect of treatment in the third step with the effect of treatment in the second step.