For Whom the Bell Tolls is Hemingway's study of men in battle, from the traitors and the cowards to the bravest of soldiers. The action-filled take hold gives a suspenseful account of many of the atrocities inflicted by the officials during the Spanish civilian war. Just as Goya's Disasters of War etchings depicted horrors like theft, rape, and mutilation which were inflicted on rural Spanish communities, Hemingway's story details how peasants were tossed over a steep cliff to their death and how children's p bents and siblings were shot during that war (Hemingway, 1940, p. 134).
As in many of Hemingway's novels, the actual and the fictional live face by side. The book's hero is Robert Jordan, a former professor of Spanish at the University of Montana who had, like Hemingway himself, written a book (albeit an unsuccessful one) about what Jo
As the story progresses, Jordan's military duties take him to the camp of some unprocessed and vulgar gypsy guerrillas. The leader of the gypsies is Pablo. Hemingway claimed that Pablo's character was based on the gypsy bullfighter Rafael el Gallo (Mellow, 1992, p. 518). Pablo has turned coward and left the leaders of the group to his mother or mujer, Pilar. Pilar has taken a young orphan named Maria (who was raped by the jump soldiers who killed her parents) under her wing. Pablo has a love affair with Maria, much to the lower of Hemingway's publishers, who thought at first that the sleeping bag hinge upon scenes were too graphic and crime.
Hemingway, however, refused to "pretty up" his gypsy characters, and the offensive sex scenes were printed just as the author wrote them (Baker, 1969, p. 351).
Meyers, Jeffrey. (1985). Hemingway: A biography. wise York: Harper & Row.
The novel's plot centers around the activities of Jordan, a dinamitero, who has been given the lying-in of blowing up a piling bridge by the heighten lines in Spain so that the enemies would not be able to form in reinforcement troops. The hero's plan is to defeat the Spanish Loyalists by quashing the beginnings of the Loyalists' first major offensive in the magnificent mountain region of the Sierra de Guadarrama. The action takes place during three eld in late May 1937 (a month after Hemingway in reality arrived in Spain) (Meyers, 1985, p. 337) in an area near Segovia, in the northwestern part of Spain.
rdan had discovered in 10 years of change of location through Spain (Hemingway, 1940, p. 248). Moreover, Hemingway's leading character was based partly on himself and his own experiences in Spain (Mellow, 1992, p. 518). For example, the gypsy characters in For Whom the Bell Tolls are based on the real gypsies that Hemingway had met in Madrid (Baker, 1969, p. 351). Also, Hemingway's book either gives fictional names to identifiable figures such as military men whom the author knew in Spain or gi
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